India observes National Science Day on February 28, 2026, marking the 98th anniversary of the discovery of the Raman Effect by the legendary Indian physicist Sir C.V. Raman. The day is celebrated across schools, colleges, research institutions, and government bodies to honor science and inspire future generations of Indian scientists.
The Raman Effect, announced by Sir C.V. Raman on February 28, 1928, refers to the change in wavelength of light when it passes through a transparent material. This groundbreaking discovery earned Raman the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930, making him the first Asian and first non-white person to receive the Nobel Prize in science. It remains one of the most celebrated scientific discoveries to emerge from India.
The theme for National Science Day 2026 focuses on the role of artificial intelligence and emerging technologies in advancing scientific research and innovation in India. Research institutions across the country are organizing seminars, workshops, science exhibitions, and public lectures to engage citizens with the wonders of science.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi has used the occasion to launch a significant national HPV (Human Papillomavirus) vaccine initiative for girls, which aims to prevent cervical cancer. The cervical cancer vaccination drive is expected to cover millions of girls aged 9-14 years across India, targeting one of the leading causes of cancer deaths among Indian women.
India’s scientific landscape has seen remarkable progress in recent years. From the Chandrayaan-3 Moon landing in 2023 to breakthroughs in nuclear energy, digital technology, and biotechnology, India has established itself as a global scientific power. The government’s National Research Foundation is channeling significant funds to boost homegrown research.
National Science Day serves as an important reminder of India’s rich scientific heritage and its ambitious goals for the future — including a human spaceflight mission under the Gaganyaan program and the push to become a knowledge-based economy by 2047.